The Endocrine System

Introduction:-

The word endocrine derives from the Greek words "endo," meaning within, and "crine," meaning to secrete, 

The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

The endocrine system is made up of:-

• The Hypothalamus
• The pituitary gland
• Thyroid gland
• Parathyroid glands
• Adrenal glands
• Kidneys
• Pineal gland
• Pancreas
• Ovaries (in females)
• Testicles (in males) 

Types Of Hormone:

• Steroidal Hormone
• Nonsteroidal Hormone
• Prostaglandins Hormone

Hormone Production:

• The Hypothalamus is located in the diencephalon of the brain and produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone(ADH). These hormones are transported to the posterior pituitary, where they are stored and released as directed by the hypothalamus.

• The Pituitary Gland also known as "hypophysis" is located at the base of the brain and controlled by the hypothalamus.

          Pituitary is divided into two lobes: Anterior Lobe and Posterior Lobe

• The Thyroid Gland consists of two lobes and sits below the voice of box or larynx. Hormones secretes: Thyroid Hormones and Calcitonin.

• The Parathyroid Gland are small glands embedded into the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Hormone secrets : Parathormone or parathyroid hormone(PTH).

• The Adrenal Glands sits on the top of each kidney. Divided into two portions: The adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex.

• The Pancreas is located behind the stomach. it is endocrine as well as exocrine gland. 

• The Pineal Gland is a small gland located between the cerebral hemisphere. it secrets a hormone called Melatonin.

• The Thymus Gland lies between the lungs. it secrets a hormone called "Thymosin".

• The Gonads, the ovaries and testes are reproductive organs that secrets hormones. The ovaries release "Estrogen and Progesterone". The Testes produce "Testosterone".

The Stress Response:

Any stimulus that produces stress is termed a stressor. Prolonged stress cause the release of Cortisol. Cortisol slows down body repair because it prevents protein synthesis and inhibits immune responses, which is why a person under stress becomes more susceptible to illness.

Why I Choose This System:

• This System is related to our hormones secrets in the body. The glands are responsible to produce different kind of hormones.
• A gland is a group of cells that produces and secretes, or gives off, chemicals. 
• Endocrine glands, on the other hand, release more than 20 major hormones directly into the bloodstream where they can be transported to cells in other parts of the body.
• growth hormone, which stimulates the growth of bone and other body tissues and plays a role in the body's handling of nutrients and minerals